Theses and Dissertations
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Item Distribution of major alien invasive plants and impact assessment of Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) K & R. in Kailash Sacred Landscape, Uttarakhand(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2022) Chaudhary, Alka; Adhikari, B.S.; Rawat, G.S.The study was conducted to assess the spread, distribution, impact of invasion in Indian part of Kailash Sacred Landscape (KSL) characterized by interspersion of human habitations, extensive forest managed by the State Forest Department and local community institutions (Van Panchayat). The objectives of the study were (i) To model spatial distribution of selected plant invasive species using distribution modeling technique. (2) To assess the impacts of IAPs on native flora and relationship with habitat parameters (3) To analyze people's perception towards the spread of IAPs in KSL India landscape (4) Experimental trials on Eco restoration of habitats and prediction of future spread for better managementItem Distribution of breeding Phylloscopus and Seicercus warblers in the Himalayas: Role of ecomorphology and competition.(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2012) Ghosh, Mousumi; Rawat, G.S.; Price, TrevorPresent study is carried out for the overarching goal of understanding the ecological and historical determinants of geographic and altitudinal distribution of sixteen breeding Phylloscopus and Seicercus species in the Himalayas. The broad research objectives were as follows: 1. Assess the availability of arthropod resources across the eastern and western Himalaya along the elevational gradients. 2. Identify the climatic correlates of the breeding distribution of Phylloscopidae. 3. Examine the geographic variation in foraging ecology of Phylloscopidae across the Himalayan bioclimatic gradient.Item A study on the traditional knowledge and population status of ethno-medicinal plants in Uttarkashi district, Western Himalaya.(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2015) Raut, Ninad B.; Rawat, G.S.This study is design to identify the current status, Population status, Distribution of Ethnomedicinal plants (EMPs) for curative purpose. The aim of this study is to know the importance of these EMPs in order to prioritize them for conservation and suggest strategies for conservation and management of high value EMPs as well as mechanism for formalizing protection of Traditional Knowledge. Uttarkashi one of the largest and culturally diverse district of uttarakhand for this studyItem An ecological study on the pheasants of Great Himalayan National Park, Western Himalaya.(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2003) Ramesh, K.; Rawat, G.S.The primary focus of the study was to describe the ecological and spatial distribution of three sympatric pheasant species, namely, Himalayan monal (Lophophorus impejanus), koklass (Pucrasia macrolopha) and western tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) in the Great Himalayan National Park (GHNP; 31 0 33' - 31 0 57' N and 770 17' - 770 52' E) in Himachal Pradesh, India. The specific were to: (i) review and test the currently available count techniques and provide estimates of relative abundance; (ii) document group size characteristics; (iii) describe habitat preference and investigate species coexistence; and (iv) develop a spatial model to predict availability of the potential habitats and the probability of occurrence of the study species. The study design included three broad approaches, namely, 1) field sampling, to estimate relative abundance and other behavioral and ecological parameters, 2) associative approach, to establish a relationship between the ecological distribution of the study species and habitat characteristics, and 3) Geographical Information System (GIS) based predictive spatial modelling. An area of 16 km2 was selected within GHNP, based on reconnaissance survey and literature, to serve as an intensive study areaItem Patterns in plant species richness and diversity in the forest fragments of Western Ghats, Karnataka.(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2007) Page, Navendu V.; Qureshi, Qamar; Rawat, G.S.Patterns of species richness diversity and distribution, and the factors affecting these patterns have always attracted the attention of many ecologists. Degree of fragmentation is one such factor affecting the species richness and composition also of great importance to conservation biology in light of rapid loss of biodiversity. The study examined the patterns of distribution and species richness and its correlates in a fragmented landscape in Kodagu district, Western Ghats, Karnataka. The study also examined some of the factors affecting distribution of epiphytes such as distribution along the tree height gradient and host specificity. A total of 129 species of trees, 29 species of Iians as and 68 species of vascular epiphytes were recorded in 56, 25m x 25m square plots. 60 species of shrubs were recorded in 90, 5m x 5m square plots. Patch area was found to be significantly correlated with tree species richness, but area was not correlated with shrub, liana and epiphyte species richness. However plant density used as measure of site specific productivity along with area were significantly correlated with lianas and epiphyte richness. Neither of these could explain the variation in shrub species richness. Lianas and shrubs did not show any such trend but epiphyte richness showed a negative trend in rarefied species richness with increase in area. Rank abundance curves indicated that Reserve forest had the most equitable distribution of abundance classes and also more number of rare species. Species composition was found to differ significantly across different size classes. All the plant communities showed moderate levels of nestedness. Distribution of an epiphyte along the tree was not influenced by the mode of dispersal alone. There was no strong evidence in support of host specificity however some selective host species were found to be favoured by epiphytes.Item Patterns in Species Composition and Distribution Among Vascular Epiphytes in Low-Lying Semi-Evergreen Forests of Arunachal Pradesh, India(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2001) Padmawathe, R.; Rawat, G.S.; Krishnamurthy, JagdishThe patterns in epiphyte species composition and distribution in the low-lying semi evergreen forests was studied in Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary and the adjacent Doimara Reserved Forests in western Arunachal Pradesh. Epiphyte community changes due to microclimate and host characteristics were studied by comparing sites of different microclimates namely riverbanks, tree fall gaps, closed forests and logged forests. Systematic sampling showed that epiphyte species diversity, increased marginally from low levels in the tree fall gaps to maximum levels in the riverbanks with intermediate levels in the logged forest and closed forest. There were dominance of certain families and life forms in different sites. Trends in epiphytic communities were closely related to changes in microclimate and host characters. The environmental variables were summarized by Principal Component Analysis, which yielded three components explaining 75.5% of the variance. Component one was positively correlated with temperature and canopy cover and light intensity in the horizontal zone, whereas relative humidity was negatively correlated. Component two was strongly correlated with vertical light intensities. Component three was purely a temperature factor . Araceae, Gesneriaceae and Asclepiadaceae correlated with vertical temperature humidity component while Orchidaceae and Moraceae were correlated with horizontal temperature. Families Aspleniaceae and Gesneriaceae were positively correlated with component one (qualitative parameters) of the vegetation characteristics, Therefore, epiphyte species richness were significantly different between across bark texture and architectural model of the host. Warty and wrinkled bark supported maximum species and Champagnats model of tree architecture supported higher number of epiphyte species. Six species were found only in the trunks and ten species confined themselves to branches. A total of twelve rare species of different families were found in the study area. The major implications of the study are the intimate relationship of epiphytes with diverse factors of climate and host characters, the change in one will trigger corresponding changes in other. Logging as a practice removes lot of trees, which reduces the diversity of substrate and microhabitat conditions available for epiphytes. It is important to maintain atleast a few big trees to serve as mother trees for recovery of the lost species.