Theses and Dissertations

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    Genetic assessment of the Non-descript pig breeds across selected regions of Uttarakhand
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2023) Sahoo, Khushboo; Gupta, S.K.; Gopi, G.V.
    India, which has ancient history of pig rearing, is home to several indigenous pig breeds that reflect the adaptation of Sus scrofa to different environmental and cultural conditions. However, only 13 of these breeds are currently recognized and documented by the National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources. The present research was undertaken to identify the spatial distribution, socio-economic status, pig husbandry methods of pig rearers, and the impact of Exotic pig breed on the indigenous breed and ecology of the region. As molecular characterization is a valuable tool that provides insights into the evolutionary history and genetic diversity of the current pig breed raise in a region. Hence by incorporating molecular techniques in understanding of the domestic pig breed and their interactions with ecosystems, promote more precise and science-based management that contributes to biodiversity conservation and sustainable husbandry practices. The present study will also aim to evaluate the maternal lineage, genetic diversity and population structure of the domestic pig breeds at the regional scale, using microsatellite markers and mitochondrial DNA sequences. The survey and sampling was done in the planar (Dehradun, Haridwar and Nainital) districts of Uttarakhand, a mountainous state of India that lies in the foothills of Himalayas, where rapid urbanisation and continuous migration make us reconsider the necessity of an organise promotion of the piggery sector due to its multiple ecological implications.
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    Distribution of breeding Phylloscopus and Seicercus warblers in the Himalayas: Role of ecomorphology and competition.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2012) Ghosh, Mousumi; Rawat, G.S.; Price, Trevor
    Present study is carried out for the overarching goal of understanding the ecological and historical determinants of geographic and altitudinal distribution of sixteen breeding Phylloscopus and Seicercus species in the Himalayas. The broad research objectives were as follows: 1. Assess the availability of arthropod resources across the eastern and western Himalaya along the elevational gradients. 2. Identify the climatic correlates of the breeding distribution of Phylloscopidae. 3. Examine the geographic variation in foraging ecology of Phylloscopidae across the Himalayan bioclimatic gradient.
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    Status and ecology of the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon in the Western Ghats
    (SACON, 2006) Soumasunderam, S.; Vijayan, Lalitha
    Conservation of the species requires a comprehensive picture on the status and distribution, ecological requirements for feeding, breeding and other activities. Ecological studies on most of the endemics have not yet been conducted and hence, such information is not available for any management programmes. Moreover, human impacts on the habitats of most species are also not understood. Hence, the present study was conducted on an endemic, endangered species of the Western Ghats which is considered as Globally Threatened, the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon Columba elphinstonii, addressing mainly its biological and ecological requirements.
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    Age Estimation of a Breeding Population of Olive Ridley Sea Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) Along the Odisha Coast, Eastern India: Using skeletochronology
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2013) Baburam, Anupya D.; Pandav, Bivash; Kumar, R.S.
    A migratory population of olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) forms huge reproductive congregations in the coastal waters of Odisha every winter. This breeding population of olive ridley has been subjected to heavy fisheries related mortality for the past two and half decades. Although a number of studies have been carried out on olive ridleys congregating and nesting along the Odisha coast, the impact of such large scale mortality on the demography of this breeding population has been least understood. The effect of this continued mortality on the age class of olive ridleys nesting along Odisha coast is not known. In order to understand the age class of this breeding population I carried out this study from December 2012 till May 2013. I used skeletochronological analysis to estimate the age class of this breeding olive ridley sea turtle population. Although this technique has been applied for marine turtles mostly in North Pacific, Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coast of United States of America, no studies of this kind have been carried out on sea turtles of Eastern Pacific as well as Indian Ocean region. This study provides the information needed to bridge this gap and establish baseline for future skeletochronological studies on the breeding population of olive ridley. Humeral samples from 85 dead turtles (29 males and 56 females) washed ashore the Odisha coast was collected for skeletochronological studies. Cross sections were taken from the mid-diaphysis, just distal to the deltopectoral crest and beneath the insertion scar on the humerus were taken using first a Dremel 4000 round saw, then a freezing stage microtome. These sections were processed according to standardized histological techniques; growth rings on the stained humeral cross sections were counted to estimate age of dead turtles. Two age estimation protocols were used; the correction factor protocol and the ranking protocol; which yielded age estimates of 19.9 - 51.8 and 24 – 49 years respectively; for a size class of 56 - 74 cm (SCL). No correlation between size class and age was obtained from this analysis. This relationship was not established because the samples collected were from an adult breeding population, whereas, in the previous studies, sample collection represented individuals that greatly varied in size (hatchlings to adult). This study suggests that adult breeding population size class has no correlation with age; however, age can be correlated with size class of a younger population. This breeding population is sustaining a wide age group even though mortality rates are high in this area