Theses and Dissertations

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    Ranging patterns and habitat use of re-introduced gaur (Bos gaurus gaurus) in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2014) Navneethan, B.; Qureshi, Qamar; Sankar, K.
    Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve (BTR), situated in Central India, supported a small population of gaur (38. individuals) till 1995. This gaur population became locally extinct in 1998, and the reason for the same is attributed to disruption of the migratory corridor between the forests of Bandhavgarh and Ghunghuti and Amarkantak. Even after the local extinction of gaur, BTR continued to be an excellent habitat for gaur and hence it was decided to reintroduce gaur in BTR as it would be a major conservation initiative for this endangered species. The present study on reintroduced gaur was carried out from March 2011 to February 2013 covering all seasons in a year, summer (March - June), monsoon (July - October) and winter (November - February) in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, Central India, to study the ranging pattern and habitat use.
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    A study on vegetation ecology in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh with reference to gaur (Bos gaurus) using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2007) Areendran, G.; Sankar, K.
    A study on vegetation ecology with reference to Gaur (Bos gaurus) using remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) in Pench Tiger Reserve (PTR) Madhya Pradesh was conducted from February 1996 to September 2000. The Tiger Reserve is located between 77° 55' W to 79° 35' E & 21° 08' S to 22° 00' N and lies in the southwestern region of the state of Madhya Pradesh. The Tiger Reserve comprises of the Sanctuary and the National Park of the same name, and buffer zone covering an area of 757.85 sq. km. The PTR offers a unique opportunity for research into the aspects of both the ecology and the management of gaur populations and their habitats. This is due to, both, the diverse pattern of habitat, as a result of rich floral composition and varied topology, and gaur populations that can readily be seen almost throughout the year. In Madhya Pradesh alone, the gaur population is found in 10 districts and they are geographically isolated from one another. The main objectives of the study were: 1)To study vegetation communities, composition, species distribution, abundance and richness in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh. 2)To map vegetation types and quantify landscape characteristics in PTR, 3)To evaluate the available habitat and predict distribution areas of Gaur in PTR, Madhya Pradesh. model the habitat suitability and predict distribution of Gaur in Pench National Park based on Ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA) using Biomapper software Different variables (Aspect, Cover change, Drainage, Elevation, Food dentity, Ground cover, Slope, Vegetation type, Vegetation index ) were used in the model to predict the suitable habitat and distribution of Gaur
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    Computing Biomass Consumption from Prey Occurrences in Scats of Tropical Felids
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2013) Chakrabarti, Stotra; Jhala, Y.V.; Qureshi, Qamar
    A robust understanding of prey use and selection by carnivores provides crucial insights into their ecology, conservation and management. In majority of the cases, scat analysis is most effective to assess diet spectrum of carnivores, but require correction for potential biases for estimating biomass contribution of different prey items. Since small prey have higher indigestible matter per unit body mas~ due to higher surface area-to-volume ratio, relative frequencies of prey remains in scats do not represent their consumed biomasses. Thus ~ to accurately estimate the proportions of different prey consumed, it is necessary to develop relationships between biomass consumed per field collectable scat and prey weight through feeding experiments. However, no such relationship exists for felids of the Indian sub-continent. The studies on diet of big cats like lion (Panthera leo), tiger (Panthera tigris) and leopard (Panthera pardus) have used a similar relationship based on cougars (Puma concolor) by Ackerman et al. 1984 owing to the unavailability of any species specific relations. Methods: A series of feeding trials were used on Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica), leopard and jungle cat (Felis chaus) to develop prey incidence to biomass conversion equations (hereafter mentioned as biomass models or biomass equations). Principal findings: All the models showed satiating relationships between biomass consumed per collectable scat and prey weight given by asymptotic exponential functions. However, carnivore specific models when scaled to their respective body weights did not differ significantly between each other, allowing derivation of a generalized biomass model for tropical felids. Inferences using present study models refined existing representation of diet of tropical carnivores. Significance: Results from the present study have strong implications on feeding ecology of tropical felids. Present study refined previous understanding of biomass contribution of different prey species in large felid diet by substantially increasing roportion of medium prey consumption. Such inferences question niche separation of sympatric large felids on the basis of prey species of different sizes, where large carnivores like tiger optimizing on large prey like gaur (Bos gaurus) and sambar (Rusa unicolor). while medium felids like leopard maximizing on chital (Axis axis). Domestic livestock significantly reduced in carnivore diet, reducing livestock depredation rates. indicating lower human-carnivore conflict levels.