Theses and Dissertations

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    Soil Nematode community structure along elevational Gradient in Bhagirathi Basin, Uttarakhand - A Morphological and Molecular approach.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2021) Kashyap, Priyanka; Uniyal, V.P.
    Gangotri National Park (GNP) is a protected area and has fewer human disturbances, allowing soil nematodes to diversify. However, it has harsh climatic conditions at high altitudes, which may hinder the nematode community structure. Systematic study of the soil inhabiting nematodes associated with forest vegetation of Gangotri National Park is discussed in this thesis. A compiled inventory of the soil nematode genera recorded from GNP during this study has also been provided in this thesis. A total of 62 nematode genera and fifteen species were identified from high altitude region of GNP. vegetation type is a significant factor for soil nematode diversity as every vegetation type has a different local environment and physicochemical properties that affect the soil biota, specifically soil nematodes being present at various trophic levels in the soil food web. Among the various vegetation types in Gangotri National Park's high-altitude areas, there are substantial differences in the taxonomic composition, the energy flow channels, and nematode community structures, which provide actual examples for understanding the role of soil nematodes in key soil ecological processes in the region. This study is a pioneer study in the region evaluating the effect of vegetation type on soil nematode diversity therefore, more similar studies are required to comprehend the relationship between nematode diversity and soil ecosystems of high altitude vegetations.
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    Ecology of wild pig and human wild-pig conflict in and around Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2013) Barwal, Kuldeep Singh; Chauhan, N.P.S.
    The wild pig is one of the most widely distributed terrestrial mammals. It has always been associated itself with man, and successfully utilises the human altered landscape. The study on ecological and management considerations in Ranthambore National Park provide a basis for developing an action plan to mitigate the problem effectively and on a long-term basis. In the present study Methods for capturing and handling wild pigs were developed and evaluated. The study on capture and radio-collaring of wild pigs was conducted from April 2008 through June 2010 in Ranthambore National Park. The propensity of wild pigs to overcome deterrents is a behavioural adaptation, about which very little is known. So it is important to understand the behaviour of wild pigs to use agro-ecosystem, nature and extent of human-wild pig conflict and assess qualitatively and quantitatively the damage to agricultural crops in and around Ranthambore National Park. A reconnaissance survey was conducted in and around the National Park and information on the nature and extent of human-wild pig damage problems was collected from the villages and the use and efficacy of power fence was evaluated in controlling crop damage caused by wild pigs
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    Ecological impacts of anthropogenic pressures on high altitude forests along Bhagirathi catchment.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2001) Awasthi, Anjali; Rajvanshi, Asha; Rawat, G.S.
    The forests of Bhagirathi catchment in Garhwal Himalaya (Uttaranchal) have faced anthropogenic pressures since pre-British period. However, human induced disturbances increased during British period when the commercial exploitation of these forests started. It was during this period that the cultivation of potato and apple orchards were introduced in the region. These initial phases of transformation paved way for more recent changes in land-use practices and degradation of high altitude forests. The modern phase of degradation started with the construction of road to Gangotri in the middle of 20th century and opening up of Garhwal for tourism which led to development of infrastructural facilities and influx of mass tourism in the inner valleys. These added pressures on the remaining forests of Bhagirathi valley. 2. Ecological impacts of anthropogenic pressures and patterns and processes of forest degradation have not been quantified in this valley so far. Therefore, the present study was carried out in a part of the Bhagirathi catchment (78015' to 790 E long. & 30030' to 31 008' N lat.). The objectives of the study were: to assess the resource use patterns of villagers, transhumant communities and tourists, to assess the impacts of anthropogenic activities on forests and wildlife and to detect changes inland-cover classes over time and space. The study area is visited seasonally by various transhumant communities who also depend on the surrounding forests for a period of about six months. Four forms of transhumance viz., Nomadism, Semi-nomadism, Transmigration and Nuclear Transhumance were identified in the Bhagirathi valley. -Nomadism is followed by Gujjars, semi-nomadism by Gaddis, transmigration by Jadhs and Garhwalis and Nuclear transhumance by resident Garhwalis. Nomadic people have temporary hutsat both summer and winter settlements whereas transmigrants have permanent houses. Seminomadic and nuclear transhumants have one temporary and one permanent settlement. The impact of 'resource extraction by locals, transhumant communities and tourists on the forests was assessed. It was found that forests located close to villages (zone-I) and temporary settlements (zone-III) were under high lopping/cutting pressure.