Status, distribution and ecology of the Grey-Headed Bulbul Pycnonotus Priocephalus in the Western Ghats, India

Abstract

The Western Ghats of peninsular India is one of the globally important ecoregions harbouring some of the fine rainforests of the world. This mountain ranges host more than 507 species of birds including several endemics little is known, however about the ecology and conservation status of many species. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to human activities the major threats to the restricted-range birds of the Western Ghats. Their narrow habitat requirements, particularly during the breeding season are yet another possible important factor causing their decline. Hence, evaluation of their basic ecological requirements, particularly their selectivity to microhabitats during breeding is of significant value while formulating conservation programme for these species. The Grey-headed Bulbul is a poorly known endemic to the Western Ghats. This restricted range species has a very limited distribution in the heavy rainfall areas in the hills along the south-western side of India from Belgaum and Goa to Kanyakumari. Observations, including both sightings and collections of Grey-headed Bulbul are very few from 1869 to 2002. It W3S reported as '"fairly common but rather local". However, the recent surveys do not show 'common' in any of the areas covered. This indicates a decline in population probably due to habitat loss and fragmentation. In the above background a detailed study was carried out to assess the status and distribution of Grey-headed Bulbul in the Western Ghats with respect to altitude and habitat and, to explore the habitat selection, for3ging ecology and breeding biology of the species to identify key factors affecting its long- term conservation. Intensive field surveys were Carried out between February 2002 and January 2004