Storied Landscapes : A Study of the Ecological Narratives of the Bhotiyas (TOLCHHAS, MARCHAS AND JADS) of Uttarakhand

Abstract

Himalaya is still young and growing; the formation of Himalayan ranges is still going on Vast terrain, unstable stretches, extreme climatic conditions and other potential hazards are major challenges for the inhabitants of the area. Humans have survived all such challenges since ages, it is a story of settlers’ survival and sustainability. The story of survival narrates the suitability of the wise traditional practices and sustainable community based approach. This process follows the lessons learnt from trials and errors, cultural assimilation and devoted observations. This is reflected in socio-cultural spheres, technological understanding and institutional structure of local Bhotiya (Jads, Tolchha, Marcha) society.It is important to understand the Himalayan settlers historically, the cultural practices of inhabitants help us in understanding the background, origin and nature of local traditions. Jads,Tolchhas and Marchas are such ethnic groups from Uttarakhand who evolved and settled in Himalayan region over a course of time. They follow different cultural traits, livelihood practices and hold different socio-political and religious affiliations. They inhabit the northern and upper ranges of Himalayas. The blend of Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism is reflected from their culture and nomadic lifestyle. Since very old time the Middle Himalayan region of Garhwal and Kumaun have been under the influence of Hinduism.