PhD Theses (WII)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.168.202.180:4000/handle/123456789/104
Browse
15 results
Search Results
Item Ecology of Golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2015) Chourasia, PoojaThis study aimed to examine the abundance and occupancy of jackal with the application of photographic captures using camera traps and diet composition through scat analysis, investigate species-habitat relationships from habitat features (non-spatial) and remotely sensed features (spatial) to understand how these variables govern occurrence pattern and predict the distribution of jackal in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan. In India, jackal populations achieve high densities in pastoral areas such as Kutch, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Haryana. This study will vitally improve our state of knowledge to protect jackal and assist the development of theory on their social structure, behavior and habitat preferences in forested ecosystem. The study will help in suggesting localized monitoring mechanisms wherever necessary as this is important in minimizing surprise cases of extinction. The objectives of this study are as follows:-1. To determine the abundance of golden jackal. 2. To estimate the food availability, food habits and dietary niche overlap between golden jackal and other meso-carnivores.3. To evaluate the den site selection by golden jackal and, 4. To evaluate the habitat use by golden jackal. The study was conducted from 2010-2013 in Sariska Tiger Reserve (79° 17’ to 76°34’N and Latitude: 27° 5’ to 27° 33’ E), Rajasthan. Selected 160 km2 of intensive study area which was divided into four blocks. A total of 160 locations were selected for the placement of camera traps where, each block having 21 camera trap stations. Peafowl was observed to be the most abundant prey species throughout the study period. Amongst the wild prey species, nilgai was observed to be the most abundant wild ungulate prey species followed by, chital, wild pig and sambar in the study area..The Species distribution data was collected from camera trapping, direct sighting records, scat locations and track locations and was pooled for the entire study period 2010-2013, collectively making 413 observed point locations in the intensive study area.Item Ecology of striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2019) Mandal, Dibyendu K.; Sankar, K.; Qureshi, QamarThis study was conceivedto fill gaps in our understanding of striped hyena population parameters, resource utilization and their sociality. Finally, the findings were synthesized to understand the processes shaping diverse sociality of striped hyenas across varying resources in a comparative context under the framework of RDH. The present study was undertaken in Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR), a protected area situated in the semi-arid region of North-Western India. STR is an isolated system which has a sharp boundary with human habitations.Item Habitat use, ranging patterns and food habits of striped hyaena (Hyaena hyaena) in Kutch, Gujarat(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2013) Bopanna, I.P.; Jhala, Y.V.Among the diverse carnivores found in Kutch, the striped hyaena is the one of the largest and the region is also a stronghold for the species. This study was developed for a better understanding of the ecology and behaviour of the species. It aims at providing a better understanding of density, food availability and sociability in hyaenas, at the interface of human land uses. The study was carried out mostly in Abdasa and parts of Lakhpat, Nakhatrana and Mandvi talukas in Kutch district of Gujarat state, for five years from January 2006 to January 2011. During the course of the study, the sudden influx of industrialization in the region changed the dynamics drastically, undermining traditional way of life and value system. This change in dynamics resulted in rapid change in land use patterns and illegal encroachment of prime wildlife areas, directly affecting the wildlife in the region. This study will directly contribute for the conservation of the species in the region and elsewhere and also determined the food habits and foraging patterns of the species in the region and its dependence on anthropogenic food sources.Item Ecology of wild pig and human wild-pig conflict in and around Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2013) Barwal, Kuldeep Singh; Chauhan, N.P.S.The wild pig is one of the most widely distributed terrestrial mammals. It has always been associated itself with man, and successfully utilises the human altered landscape. The study on ecological and management considerations in Ranthambore National Park provide a basis for developing an action plan to mitigate the problem effectively and on a long-term basis. In the present study Methods for capturing and handling wild pigs were developed and evaluated. The study on capture and radio-collaring of wild pigs was conducted from April 2008 through June 2010 in Ranthambore National Park. The propensity of wild pigs to overcome deterrents is a behavioural adaptation, about which very little is known. So it is important to understand the behaviour of wild pigs to use agro-ecosystem, nature and extent of human-wild pig conflict and assess qualitatively and quantitatively the damage to agricultural crops in and around Ranthambore National Park. A reconnaissance survey was conducted in and around the National Park and information on the nature and extent of human-wild pig damage problems was collected from the villages and the use and efficacy of power fence was evaluated in controlling crop damage caused by wild pigsItem Ecology of sympatric small carnivores in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2013) Kale, Riddhika; Sarkar, K.; Qureshi, QamarThis study aimed to examine the abundance and occupancy of small carnivores with the application of photographic captures using camera traps and diet composition of small carnivores through faecal analysis, investigate seasonal species-habitat relationships from microhabitat (non-spatial) and remotely sensed features (spatial) to understand how these variables govern their occurrence pattern and predict the distribution of small carnivores in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats. The study was conducted from 2009-2011 in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve (11°32' 11°43'N; 76°22'-76°45'E), Western Ghats. This study will critically improve our state of knowledge to protect lesser carnivores and aid the development of theory on their social structure, behavior and habitat preferences.Study species include jungle cat (Felis chaus), leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), rusty spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus), common palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus), small Indian civet (Viverricula indica), brown palm civet (Paradoxurus jerdoni), grey mongoose (Herpestes erdwardsii), ruddy mongoose (Herpestes smithii) and stripe-necked mongoose (Herpestes vitticollis). The objectives of this study area as follows:- 1. To determine the abundance and occupancy of small carnivores in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve. 2. To study the dietary pattern of small carnivores. 3. To determine spatial and non-spatial variables governing the occupancy of small carnivores and 4. To predict the distribution pattern of small carnivores through habitat suitability modeling in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve.Item Ecology of leopard (Panthera pardus) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2011) Mondal, Krishnendu; Shankar, K.; Qureshi, QamarThe present study estimated the prey availability and prey consumption, population and survival rate and the home ranges and resource selection of leopard in Sariska Tiger Reserve. The Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR) (N27o05’ to N27o45’ and E76o15’ to E76o35’) is situated in the Aravalli Hill Range and lies in the semi-arid part of Rajasthan for four consecutive years from 2007 to with these objectives: 1. To estimate the prey availability of leopard 2. To study the food habits and prey selection of leopard 3. To estimate the population of leopard and 4. To study the home range and habitat use of leopard. In the present study, food habits and prey selection of leopard were examined during the study period following scat analysis method and kill records. Radio-telemetry technique was followed to estimate the home range and habitat use of leopard as this technique is found to be the most updated and useful practice to gather information on home range, daily and seasonal movement pattern of big cats. The result of this study presented the abundance of prey species of leopard and their consumption by leopard in Sariska TR. The study also estimated the population and survival rate of leopard in Sariska TR. Home range and habitat use of leopard was estimated in the present study and a habitat suitability model for leopard was generated in and around Sariska TR.Item Ecology of medium and small sized carnivores in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2011) Gupta, Shilpi; Sankar, K.; Qureshi, QamarTo assess wildlife population trends, scientifically based monitoring programs must be carried out. A new generation of camera traps and the use of well developed capture-recapture models have led to an increase in the use of remote surveying and monitoring methodologies for nocturnal species. Population estimates can be done for individually identifiable cryptic nocturnal species through camera trap. The study was carried out in Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR), western Rajasthan, India, (79° 17’ to 76°34’N, 27° 5’ to 27° 33’ E) from November 2007 to June 2009. The objectives of study are (1) To estimate the abundance of medium and small sized carnivores such as striped hyena, jackal, jungle cat, civets and mongoose. (2) To study the prey availability and food habits of medium and small sized carnivores and To assess the habitat suitability for these carnivores. In this study, both capture - recapture method and Royle -Nichols (2003) approach was applied to photographic capture trap data to estimate density and abundance of nocturnal cryptic species. The results of this study presented both numerically and also in the form of habitat suitability maps for all the study species in the study area. These finding have potential to develop basis for managing areas for these medium and small sized carnivores in Sariska and other similar habitat in semi arid zone.Item Ecology of alpine arid pastures with special reference to livestock grazing in upper Dhauli valley, Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Western Himalaya.(2018) Mitra, Monideepa; Adhikari, B.S.; Rawat, G.S.Pastoral practices have been in existence in the alpine region of the Himalaya since millennia.The region is characterized by the presence of diverse pastoral practices such as sedentary, nuclear trans-humane, semi-nomadic, and nomadic pastoralism. These practices have strongly influenced the vegetation and ecology of the alpine rangelands, including local biodiversity. The region is broadly divisible into two distinct eco-climatic zones, viz., a moistal pine zone of Greater Himalaya and cold arid zone of Trans-Himalaya. These zones differ considerably in terms of physiognomy, species composition, history of livestock grazing and their ability to withstand grazing pressure. The objectives of the study were (i) To study the patterns of livestock grazing in the study area, (ii) To assess resource use by livestock, (iii) To assess the pasture quality (floristic) and quantity (biomass) in the study area, and (iv) to assess overlap in resource use between wild ungulates and livestock. The study was conducted in Upper Dhauli valley, situated in the cold arid region of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (hereafter NDBR; 30º 08’-31º 02’N, 79º 12’- 80º 19’E) in Uttarakhand. The study was conducted in 2012 and 2014Item Ecology and management of savanna vegetation in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan.(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2015) Bhatt, Priyanka; Rawat, G.S.; Sankar, K.This study is aimed to document the role of various abiotic and biotic factors playing a vital role in the coexistence of trees and grasses. Attempts have been made to bridge the research gaps related to the structure and composition of forest vegetation, phenology diversity and regeneration patterns along the landscape. Hence, present study was initiated with a view to collect baseline data that would be helpful in monitoring the forest changes in future. It provides information about the savanna vegetation and the dynamics and also deals with the vegetation composition, species diversity, richness and other phyto- sociological parameters, Vegeation structure, composition and factors affecting the savanna vegetation in Sariska Tiger Reserve. Objectives are : 1. To study the phenology of savanna species 2. To study the aut-ecology of dominant savanna grasses and tree species of Sariska with reference to biotic and abiotic factors 3. To study the impact of invasive species and management implications: case study of Adhatoda vasicaItem Systematics and ecology of Berberidaceae in Uttarakhand state.(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2011) Tiwari, Umesh Kumar L.; Rawat, G.S.; Adhikari, B.S.