PhD Theses (WII)

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    A study people – Protected Area interface at Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2014) Leima, Sanggai; Badola, Ruchi; Hussain, S.A.
    Keibul Lamjao National Park (KLNP) is the only natural home of the remnant population of endangered brow antlered deer or Sangai whose habitat is the phumdi- a unique part of the habitat of KLNP. It is a floating mass of entangled vegetation formed by the accumulation of organic debris and biomass with soil particles. It covers approximately two thirds of the area of the park and the thickness varies from a few centimeters to about two meters. However, due to illegal exploitation of resources from the park in the form of vegetable and fuelwood collection, the park is facing consistent anthropogenic pressures which are posing a threat to the habitat of Sangai. A need arises to understand local people’s dependence on the park as well as their perceptions and attitudes in order to devise management strategies to solve parkpeople conflicts. Thus, the main objectives of the present study were to (a) examine the socioeconomic and demographic conditions of the villagers around KLNP, (b) quantify the resources extracted from the park and its contribution to the livelihoods of the local people, (c) assess the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the wildlife habitat, (d) examine the conservation awareness and attitudes of people towards the park and alternative livelihood options and (e) to assess the economic value of the park in terms of recreation for the conservation of Sangai and KLNP.
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    Assessment of water quality and biomass productivity of the tropical floating meadows of Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2014) Chongpi, Tuboi; Hussain, S.A.
    Wetlands represent the aquatic edge of many terrestrial plants and animals; they also represent the terrestrial edge of many aquatic plants and animals. They are fast becoming a focus for research, management, and restoration activities because of high biodiversity, productivity and for their well-documented ecosystem service values. Wetlands with floating meadows largely occur in temperate and tropical freshwater wetlands throughout the world. In India, they occur in floodplains of Northeast India, particularly in Loktak Lake of Manipur valley. The Keibul Lamjao National Park (KLNP) located in the southern part of the Loktak Lake, with its characteristic floating meadows is the only natural habitat of the Manipur’s brow antlered deer Rucervus eldii eldii locally called the Sangai which is perhaps the most threatened deer species in India. These meadows, locally called phumdis, are a heterogeneous mass of soil, vegetation and organic matter in various stages of decomposition which occur in different thickness ranging from a few centimeters to about 2.5 m. With the construction of Ithai Barrage on Imphal River, the floating meadows, which used to settle during the lean season and get replenished with soil and nourishment, are now continuously floating, resulting in their thinning and thereby threatening the existence of Sangai. The floating meadows also provide a biological sink for the key nutrients and govern the water and nutrient dynamics of this Lake ecosystem. The need to study the ecology of the floating meadows and the role it plays is therefore immensely important for the conservation of the endangered Sangai. The major objectives of the proposed study were to; (a) examine the ecological conditions of the KLNP in terms of water quality and nutrient status (b) derive the species richness and plant community composition of the Park and, (c) to quantify the pattern of biomass production by the floating meadows and its utilization by Sangai and Hog deer
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    Demographic status and genetic variation of sangai in in Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur.
    (Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2012) Angom, Sangeeta; Hussain, S.A.
    The present study was intended to improve upon the existing ecological and genetic knowledge base of the severely fragmented and isolated population of sangai in the Keibul Lamjao National Park. The major objectives of the study were to estimate the abundance and demographic parameters of sangai and the associated cervids in the Park and to assess the genetic variability using mtDNA (cytochrome b and control region) genes and polymorphic microsatellite markers so as to develop appropriate measures for the conservation of this endangered species. The demographic status of sangai and hog deer in Keibul Lamjao National Park was determined by conducting the population estimation exercise during 2006 - 2008 using point count method. Deers were counted from eighteen bamboo machans and four observation points.