Technical Reports
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Item Assessment of cumulative impacts of hydroelectric projects on Aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity in Alaknanda and Bhagirathi basins, Uttarakhand(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2012) Rajvanshi, Asha; Arora, Roshni; Mathur, V.B.; Sivakumar, K.; Sathyakumar, G.S.; Rawat, G.S.; Johnson, J.A.; Ramesh, K.; Dimri, Nandkishor; Maletha, AjayItem Studbook of Western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus)(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2011) lakshminarayan, N.; Malviya, Majari; Bose, S.; Dhiman, S.; Gulaati, A.; Nigam, Parag; Ramesh, K.Item Key areas for long term conservation of Galliformes I- Uttarakhand(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2011) Ramesh, K.; Qureshi, Q.; McGowan, P.Item Management plan for Rupi-Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2010) Jayapal, R.; Ramesh, K.Item Distribution and abundance of birds and mammals in the Southern Indian ocean, larsemann hills and princess astrid coast East Antarctica(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2010) Jayapal, R.; Ramesh, K.The spatial distribution and abundance of sea birds, penguins and pack ice seals along the Southern Ocean, Ingrid Christensen and Princess Astrid Coast during 29th Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica was carried out between November 2009 and March 2010. A total of 34 species of birds with an encounter rate of 9.82/ nautical miles2 were recorded. High species turnover of sea birds was observed between 40° and 50° S longitude. Six aerial sorties were flown along the Ingrid Christensen and Princess Astrid Coast to count penguins and seals along the coast, totalling a length of approx. 1200 km. Adelie and Emperor penguins were recorded with encounter rate of 0.63 ± 0.20 (#/nm ±SE) and 3.81 ± 1.68 (#/nm ±SE) respectively at Ingrid Christensen casts. At Princess Astrid Coast more number of Adelie penguins (1.22 ± 0.12/nm ±SE) was recorded when compared to Emperor penguin (0.60 ± 0.2/nm ±SE). In the present survey, a total of 3601 hauled-out seals were counted from six aerial sorties totalling a length of approx. 1200 km, with each sortie lasting about two hours. Weddell seal Leptonychotes weddellii was the most commonly sighted species in both the areas surveyed (98.2%), and had an encounter rate of 2.9 seals/km. The other species encountered during the survey were crab-eater seal Lobodon carcinophagus (1.7%) and leopard seal Hydrurga leptonyx (0.03%). Group size of hauled-out weddell seals varied considerably and ranged from solitary to maximum of 42 individuals. The median group size of weddell seals hauled-out along the Ingrid Christenson coast was found to be significantly different between the December 2009 and January 2010 survey. Further, along this Coast weddell seals were found hauled-out mainly close to the ice shelf and their spatial distribution appeared to be influenced by the extent of sea ice in the area.Item Status of tiger and prey species in Panna Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh: capture-recapture and distance sampling estimates(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2013) Ramesh, K.; Johnson, J.A.; Sen, S.; Murthy, R.S.; Sarkar, M.S.; Malviya, M.; Bhardwaj, S.; Roamin, S.Item Effects of climate-change on riverine forests and indicator species along river Ganga in Uttarakhand: a multi-scale approach(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2015) Ramesh, K.; Adhikari, B.S.The objectives were 1.Study the distribution pattern, range shift and population response of indicator species along the Ganga in Uttarakhand, from foot-hills to snout of the Gangotri glacier. 2. Quantify structure and functional attributes of vegetation along selected climatic ecotones. 3. Detect major drivers of landscape composition and configuration in space and time, and develop spatially explicit predictive models.Item Evaluation of prey availability and habitat suitability for tigers and its ranging patterns in Sanjay Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2017) Ramesh, K.; Sankar, K.; Kumar, Deleep; Nigam, Parag; Qureshi, Qamar; Raman, K.; Rajasekar, R.; Chaudhuri, Sankarshan; Sundaram, Snehaa; Hazra, PoushaliTiger conservation in human dominated landscape such as Sanjay Tiger Reserve (STR) has always been challenging for the managers and conservation planners. Anthropogenic factors have affected the area negatively, causing habitat degradation, depletion of prey base and unviable tiger population. STR is considered to be low density tiger population area and require recovery strategy, involving translocation from other areas, since natural colonization is not possible to boost the population to viable state. As a precursor to active population recovery, the project was conceived and implemented to establish baseline on prey availability and habitat suitability for tigers, which also involved understanding ranging patterns of tigers using radiotelemetry. Prey availability in terms of density of wild ungulate was estimated and was found to be low (8.2 ± 0.8 animals per km2), but there is an increasing population trend during the study period (2014- 2017), largely owing to active protection measures. Amongst the wild ungulates, density of chital was the highest (3.0±0.6/km2) followed by wild pig (2.0±0.6/km2), nilgai (1.8±0.3/km2), chinkara (1.1±0.3/km2) and four horned antelope (1.0±0.4/km2). Livestock (11.6±5.5/km2) was the most abundant animal using the reserve throughout, also contributing to prey base to some extent. Home range of one radio-collared adult male tiger was estimated to be 208.6km2 during May 2015 to July 2015 and the animal got killed to a territorial fight with another male tiger. Similarly, home range of radio-collared (captive-raised) tigress was estimated to be 154.1 km2 during October 2016 - May 2017. Exploring large areas could be attributed to limitation of mate choice and a depleted prey base. Habitat suitability of tiger was assessed based on habitat covariates and it was found that 44% of the total area of tiger reserve is potentially suitable habitat in the current status of prey availability, but the suitability can increase to 61% if prey base can be restored in other areas of the reserve. Carrying capacity of tiger was determined for STR based on the current prey density. It was found that STR can support 11 tigers in this present situation. Population Viability Analysis (PVA) with the carrying capacity of 11 tigers and current population (four individuals, one adult male, two adult females and one juvenile) of tiger in STR showed a poor survival probability (0.12 ±0.03) over a time span of 25 years. However, given the availability of habitat space and potential to increase prey base, doubling of carrying capacity from 11 to 22 tigers is possible with a supplementation of two tigers in every three years until year ten and it will ensure very high survival probability (0.87±0.03). Active recovery strategy should target the futuristic carrying capacity and management actions would have to be geared towards this. In this context, active population recovery and long-term monitoring strategy has been proposed towards successful population recovery and establishment of viable tiger population, along with other habitat covariates.Item Tiger Recovery Strategy and long term monitoring in Sahyadri Tiger Reserve, Maharashtra: Feasibility Assessment and Strategic Action Plan(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2018) Ramesh, K.; Ben, V.C.; Jelil, S.N.; Gaykar, A.; Pal, R.S.; Pokhariya, K.; Sherwani, N.; Kale, R.; Mujawar, A.The Sahyadri Tiger Reserve, nestled in the northern Western Ghats in India, is the only tiger reserve in western Maharashtra. Sahyadri boasts a long and glorious history of the reign of Shivaji Maharaj and his successors. This study deals with the habitat assessment undertaken in STR. We used GIS and RS to better understand the landscape. We also carried out field vegetation surveys to understand of the density of trees and look at the overall vegetation and forest cover of STR. The status of tiger and carnivore prey present in STR were studied. Wild ungulate density was estimated to be 9.5 (2.79 SE) per km2, livestock density 10.81 (6.00 SE) per km2 and primate density 11.18 (5.00 SE) per km2. The major ungulate species recorded were the gaur, sambar, barking deer, wild boar, mouse deer and four horned antelope. Other preferable prey carnivores are primates and livestock.Item Integration of sophisticated technology for wildlife protection, conflict resolution and monitoring in Uttar Pradesh(Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 2019) Ramesh, K.